Graduate School of International Studies, SNU

Comparative Politics of Latin America

Instructor: Hye Hyun Son

C. Phone: 010-7282-3302

E-mail: alexandrason@paran.com

This course examines the dynamic of political and economic change in twentieth century Latin America. It examines Latin American politics from the rise of industrialization and populism in the 1930s and 1940s to the widespread collapse of democracy and establishment of military regime in the 1960s and 1970s, to contemporary process of democratization and economic liberalization. It explores the causes and consequences of phenomena such as populism, corporatism, authoritarianism, revolution, democratization, and neo-liberalism. The course will focus primarily on six core countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Perú, Venezuela. Throughout the course, we will compare and assess different theoretical approaches to Latin American politics in an effort to both explain general process of change and understand the important differences that exist among these countries.

Course requirement and evaluation

1) Participation in Seminar(20% of grade)

2) One short seminar handouts on course reading(30% of grade)

3) Final research paper(50% of grade)

Class Assignments

Week 1: Introduction

Week 2: Overview of the Latin American Politics

Recommended:

Gray Wynia, The Politics of Latin American Development(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), pp. 46-101.

Thomas E. Skidmore and Peter H. Smith, Modern Latin America(New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), pp. 1-10; 14-66.

Week 3: Classical Theories of Latin Ameican Politics and Development

Recommended:

Howard Wiarda, Politics and Social change in Latin America: Still a Distinct Tradition?(Third Ecition.)(West View Press, 1992). Introduction, pp. 1-8; Conclusion, pp. 315-346.

Andre Gunder Frank, "The development of Underdevelopment" In Peter Klarén and Thomas J, Bossert, eds. Promise of Development(Boulder: Westview Press, 1986).

J. Samuel Valenzuela and Arturo Valenzuela, " Modernization and Dependency: Alternative Perspectives in the Study of Latin American Underdevelopment." Comparative Politics, 10: 4(July 1978).

Eliana Cardoso and Ann Helwege, "Import Substitution Industrialization." In Jeffry Frieden Mauel Pastor Jr., and Michael Tomz, eds. Mordern Political Economy and Latin America: Theory and Policy(Westview Press, 2000).

Week 4&5: Industrialization and Working class Incorporation: ISI, Populism, and Corporatism

Recommended:

Michael Conniff, "Introduction, "in Conniff, ed., Populism in Latin America(University of Alabama Press), pp. 1-22.

James Malloy, "Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America: The Model Pattern." In Malloy ed. Authoritarianism and Corporatom in Latin America(University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977), pp. 3-19.

Ruth Berins Collier and David Collier, "Inducement versus Constrains: Disaggregating 'Corporatism.' American Political Science Review, 73: 4(December), pp. 967-986.

Kenneth Paul Erickson, "Populism and Political Control of the Working Class in Brazil." In June Nash, Juan Corradi, and Hobart Spalding, Jr., eds. Ideology and Social Change in Latin America(Gordon and Breach, 1977).

Joel Horrowitz, "Populism and it's Legacies in Argentina." in Conniff(ed.), Populism in Latin America, pp. 22-38.

Week 6: The Revolutionary Alternative

Recommended:

Susan Eva Eckstein, Back From the Future: Cuba under Castro(Princeton University Press, 1994), pp. 3-59.

Jorge Castañeda, Utopia anarmed: The Latin American Left After the Cold War(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993), pp. 67-89.

Timothy Wickham-Crowley, "Winners, Losers, and Also-Rans: Toward a Comparative Sociology of Latin American Guerrilla Movements, In Susan Ekstein, ed., Power and Popular Protest: Latin American Social Movement(University of California Press, 1989).

Week 7&8: The Breakdown Regimes in the 1960s and 1970s

Recommended:

Guillermo O'Donnell, "toward Alternative Conceptualization of South American Politics," In Peter Klarén and Thomas Bossert, eds. Promise of Development: Theories of Change in Latin America(Boulder: Westview Press, 1986), pp. 239-275.

David Collier, "Overview of the Bureaucratic-Authoritarian Model." In David Collier, ed. The New Authoritarianism in Latin America(Princeton University Press, 1979), pp. 19-32.

Alfred Stepan, " The New professionalism of Internal Warfare and Military Role Expansion." In Alfred Stepan, eds., The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes: Latin America(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978), pp. 110-137.

Peter Kornbluh, The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability(The New press, 2003), Ch. 1 pp. 1-6; Chapter 2.

Abraham F. Lowenthal, “Peru's Ambiguous Revolution."In Lowenthal, ed. The  Peruvian Experiment(Princeton University Press, 1975), pp. 3-43.

Therry Karl, "Petroleum and Political Pacts: the Transition to Democracy un Venezuela." Latin american Research ReviewXXII: 1(1989), pp. 63-94.

Week 9: Mikitary Ruke and it's Legacies

Recommended:

Hector Schamis, "Reconceptualizing Latin american Authoritarianism in the 1970's: From Bureaucratic Authoritarianism to Neoconservatism, " Comparaative Politics 23" 2(1991).

Patricia Weiss Fragen, "Repression and State Security," In Juan Corradi Patricia Weiss Fragen, and Manuel Antonio Garreton, eds., Fear at the Edge: State Terror and Resistance in Latin America(University of California Press, 1992), pp. 39-71.

Julio Cotler, "The New Moce of Political Domination in Peru, " in Abraham Lowenthal, ed. The Peruvian Experiment(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1975), pp. 44-78.

Week 10: Transition from Authoritarian Rule

Recommended:

Scott Mainwaring and Aníbal Péres Linan, "Latin American Democratization since 1978: Democratic Transitions, Breakdowns, and Erosions," In Frances Hagopian and Scott Mainwaring, eds., The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America: Advances and Setbacks(Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 14-47; 56-59.

Guillermo O'Donell and Philippe C. Schmitter, Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies, pp. 15-47; 57-72.

Terru Lynn Karl, "Dilemmas of Democratization in Latin America." Comparative Politics 23: 1(October 1990), pp. 1-21.

Week 11:Issues of Democratic Consolidation: Legacy of Authoritarian Rule

Recommended:

Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Comunist Europe(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996), pp. 1-7.

David Pion-Berlin, "Between Confrontation and Accommodation: Military and Government Policy in Democratic Argentina, Journal of Latin American Studies 23, No. 3(October 1991).

Wendy Hunter, "Continuty or Change? Civil-Military Relations in Democratic Argentina, Chile, and Peru.: Political Science Quarterly 112, No 3(1997): 335-375.

Paloma Aguilar and Katherine Hite, Historical Memory and Authoritarian Legacies in Process of Political Change," In Katherine Hite and Paola Cesarini, ed., Authorirarian Legacies and Democracy in Latin America and th Southern Cone(University of Notre Dame Press, 2004).

WeeK 12: The Debt Crisis and the Politics of Economic Liberalization

Recommended:

Sebastian Edwards, Crisis and Reform in Latin America: From Despair to Hope(New York: Oxford University Press, 1995). pp. 41-58.

Kur Weylant, "Swalloing the Bitter Pill: Sources of Popular Support for Neoliberal Refor, in Latin America." Comparative Political Studies 31, No.5(October 1998).

Kurt Weylan, "Threats to Latin America's Market Model?" Political Science Quarterly 119, No 2(2004): 291-313.

Evelyne Huberand Fred Solt, "Successes and Failures of Neoliberalism," Latin American Research Review 39, No. 3(2004), 150-163.

Week 13: Political Institutions and Democratic Governance I: Executive-Legislative Relations

Recommended:

Arturo Alenzuela, " Latin American Presidencies Interrupted", Journal of Democracy 15, No. 4(October 2004).

Mathew Sobeg Shugart and Scott Mainwaring: "Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America: Rethinking the Terms of the Debate," In Mainwaring and Shugart, eds., Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America(Cambrdge Unoversity Press, 1997)

Scott Mainwaring, "Presidentialism, Multipartism and Democracy: the Diffivult Combination," Comparative Political Studies 26, No 2(1993).

Delia Ferreira Rubio and Matteo Goretri, " When the President Governs Alone: The Decretazo in Argentina, 1989-93," In John Carey Soberg Shugart, eds.Executive Decree Authority(Cambridge University Press, 1998), pp. 33-61.

Week 14: Political Institutions and Democratic Governance II: Parties and Party System

Recommended:

Scott Manwaring and Timothy R. Scully, "Introduction: Partu Systems in Latin America." In Mainwaring and Scully, eds., Building Democratic Institutions: Party Systems in Latin America(Standard University Press, 1995)

Kurt Weyland, "Neopopulism and Neoliberalism in LatinAmerica: Unexoected Affinities." Studies in Comparative Inteernational Developmenr 31, No 3(Fall 1996).

Steven Levitsky and Maxwell Cameron, "Democracy without parties? Political Parties and Regime Change in Jujimori's Peru," Latin American Politics and Society 45, No. 3(Fall 2003), pp. 1-34.

Scott Mainwaring, "Brazil: Weak Paries Feckless Democracy." In Mainwaring and Scully, eds. Building Democratic Institutions: Party Systems in Latin America(Standard University Press, 1995)

Week 15: The Transformation of Date-Society Relations: The Decline of Corporatism/New patterns of Representation and Protest

Recommended:

Philip D. Oxhorn “Is the Century of Corporatism Over? Neoliberalism and the Rise od Neopopulism," in Oxhorn and Graciela Ducatenceiler, eds., What Kind of Democracy? What Kind of Market? Latin America in the Age og Neoliberalism(Penn State Unoversity Press, 1998).

Douglas A. Chalmers, Scott, Martin, and kerianne Piester, "Associative Networks: New Structure of Representation of the Popular Sectors? In Douglas A. Charmers et al. eds. The New Politics of Inequality in Latin America: Rethinking Participation and Representation(Oxford University Press, 1997)

Poor People's Politixs, Peronist Survival Networks and the Legacy of Evita(Duke University Press, 2000), pp. 29-44; 72-78.

Steven Levitsky and Maria Victoria Murillo, :Argentina  Wheathers the Storm." Jornal of Democracy 14, No. 4(October 2003): 152-166.